Over the last few nights, John and I have been watching episodes of “Rome”, at one point seeing four episodes back to back. It was so good that we have become real fans. I like everything about it, being a fan of all things about the ancient world. It seems very historically accurate, for one thing, especially in portraying the city itself.
One thing very noticeable about the series is the difference between Roman culture and ours today. For one thing, we see almost no embarrassment or repression about sexuality. Marc Antony can be shown in bed, telling his womenfolk that he’s not getting up until he fucks someone, and the women, instead of being shocked or offended or disapproving, tut-tut over him as if he were just a petulant child demanding breakfast in bed. Yet one of the ‘womenfolk’ is Atia of the Julii, Antony’s mistress as well as Octavian’s mother. Atia finally says, casually, to one of the slaves, “Oh, all right, fetch that slut from the kitchens”, which does suggest that for women, at least, there was the concept of ’slut’– a suggestion of women, at least, being looked down on if they are too interested in sex. On the other hand, Atia herself is quite openly brazen in her sexuality.
In the same way, a whole troop of Roman soldiers is shown waiting on the road to Rome, showing impatience, nothing more, while Antony ‘fucks’–there’s no other term appropriate, really–a peasant girl against a tree, a girl he apparently spied from horseback as they passed her by. Their reaction is much like that of someone today on a trip who keeps having to wait while one of their number keeps making pitstops to get coffee. On the whole, there is no suggestion that sexual desires are something one must repress or be ashamed of, not if the person doing these things is a man, anyway. Some of the upper class Romans in the city are a bit testy about Antony’s coarseness; there is a scene, for example, of Cicero wincing as Antony pisses into a potted plant right next to him during a meeting in Antony’s house. Antony is obviously considered a bit much even by his fellow Romans, and is shown to be increasingly debauched as the series continues. But there’s not much difference shown for someone like Pullo, one of the main protagonists, who is sympathetically shown but just as focused on sexual opportunities. He’s just more kind and funny about it, and is shown as capable of real tenderness towards the slave Eirenye.
The other thing we notice about Roman culture in this series is the almost complete absence of anything like compassion or mercy. Men and women, while watching Pullo fighting for his life in an arena at the hands of professional gladiators, cheer as enthusiastically as today’s audiences at a football game. When Pullo’s friend Varenus finally intercedes and rescues his friend, it is only because they are war buddies, and because their previous legion is being verbally insulted by one of the gladiators. Later, Varenus shows pity for his children when rescuing them from a slave camp, but that is familial feeling. He might not feel that way about other children in danger.
As well, according to this series, all manner of torture and murder seem to have been quite normal in the city. Of course, one can’t go by what Atia does in terms of this: she seems quite heartless and montrous, avidly watching the torture she has ordered poor Timon, the Jew, to carry out in front of her. Little old ladies do cry out ‘murder!’ when they see someone being slain in the street in front of them, but that seems to be out of a sense of shock at the impunity of such an occurance; there seems to be little general compassion for someone who is killed or hurt, but is not a family member. When Servila of the Junii has been tortured then released, she appears on the street with a face covered with blood, stumbling and almost falling, yet no one tries to help her. Are they afraid of interfering, or just indifferent? Today, people would stop immediately and call the cops or an ambulance.
The general ethos of Romans seems to be one where family members’ pain counts, but the pain of others is treated as only a titilation at most, or something to step aside from at the least. It’s enough to make one feel that Christianity, with all its faults, was worth it if only to bring in a general public abhorence of cruelty— not right away, since I have read that the deaths in the Forum still went on after Christianity became the official Roman religion, but eventually.
There was so much violence around, even in the upper classes, that one wonders how anyone could sleep at night in the Roman world. Cicero is shown being quite two-faced much of the time when talking to both the assassins of Caesar and the anti-assassins, but who can blame him? He is threatened, quite politely, by the wretched Antony, while they have a drink together. And yet he still dares to send an insulting letter to Antony to be read in the Senate. This is more courageous than anything shown by most of the elite Romans in the series. Even with Pullo and Varenus, our ‘heroes’, since they are rugged army types, violence is just a short jab with a sword away in almost any scene. It’s understandable when our heroes are running the criminal element in Rome’s Aventine area, but it also appears on a family level.
Was llife really so cheap in those days? Or are we just looking at soldiers’ morals? Are there presumably some noble, honorable people somewhere that we don’t see? Honor is spoken of by Varenus. He mentions it when stating that killing his wife’s bastard son would be what honor demands. He also gets into a horrendously angry state when he learns his wife was unfaithful while he was gone and presumably dead; he almost kills her and her son, stopped only by her suicide and his daughters’ running up to rescue the little boy. It is also apparently an aspect of ‘honor’ to do what you said you’d do. A lot of it seems tied up to men’s sexual pride and not much more.
The view of Roman religion is also interesting here. Pullo is forever offering prayers and sacrifices (even of a bug, when he’s in jail) to one god or another in order to obtain help. Some of the series’ humor lies in his bargaining with the gods, promising a spotless lamb if they help him, or if he can’t get a good price on a lamb, then a pigeon. Servilia of the Junii is shown praying to some goddess even as she is ‘bagged’ and carted off to be tortured by Atia. When Varenus and his wife go to claim the land Caesar has given them, they bring a priest, and re-enact some sort of ritual that involves pretending to have sex, there in the muddy field. Then they put a thumb print of soil on each other’s foreheads.
Varenus later, after losing wife and children, claims he is the son of ‘Dis’, who appears to be Satan, even though Pullo warns that the gods don’t like such talk. A discussion with the chief thugs of the Aventine, in which Varenus declares that he will be in charge of crime from now on, is made more frightening to the hardened criminals he faces when he smashes the statue of Lady Concord, the goddess whose statue’s presence has sworn them all to omit all violence from this meeting. It seems that this viscious act of impiety and irrevenence is enough to make the men agree to let Varenus be chief. We kept wondering if the same would be true today of Mafiosa in the presence of a statue of the Virgin Mary. Would they be equally awed and intimidated if her statue was smashed? In other words, what would Tony Soprano do in such a situation?
All in all, it is a great and highly addictive series. I haven’t finished it, but I’ve already ordered the DVDs from Amazon. I want to have them for myself, to see again. The extras included on the DVDs are informative. For one thing, I learned that in setting up this movie set, the set-designers looked at very old existing cities like Bombay in order to reproduce the look of a place that is very old, yet full of life, with an interesting contrast between beautiful public buildings and the poorer streets and buildings. I also learned that it was filmed in the real city of Rome and its surrounding countryside, which I guess helps explain the wonderful golden light that every scene is bathed in.